Habits and Traits of Jumping Spiders

When you look at a jumping spider, it will look right back at you with large, forward-facing eyes. They can be found throughout the world in the Americas, Europe, Asia, Africa, and Australia. Salticidae is the largest family of spiders, with over 5,000 species described worldwide. While more prevalent in the tropics, jumping spiders are abundant nearly everywhere in their range. Jumping Spider Traits Jumping spiders are small and scrappy carnivores. They are often fuzzy and measure less than a half inch in body length. Salticids can run, climb, and (as the common name suggests) jump. Prior to jumping, the spider attaches a silk thread to the surface beneath it, so it can climb quickly back to its perch if needed. Salticids, like most other spiders, have eight eyes. Their unique eye arrangement makes it easy to differentiate jumping spiders from other species. A jumping spider has four eyes on its face, with an enormous pair in the center, giving it an almost alien appearance. The remaining, smaller eyes are located on the dorsal surface of the cephalothorax (a structure combining the fused head and thorax). The Himalayan jumping spider (Euophrys omnisuperstes) lives at high elevations in the Himalayan mountains. They feed on insects that are  carried up the  mountain on the wind from lower elevations. The species name, omnisuperstes, means highest of all, so its not that surprising that specimens of this remarkable species have been found on Mount Everest at elevations of 22,000 feet. Fast facts: Jumping Spider Classification Kingdom: AnimaliaPhylum: ArthropodaClass: ArachnidaOrder: AraneaeFamily: Salticidae Diet and Life Cycle Jumping spiders hunt and feed on small insects. All are carnivorous, but a few species also eat pollen and nectar. Female jumping spiders build a silk case around their eggs and often stand guard over them until they hatch. (Youve probably seen these spiders with their eggs in corners of exterior windows or door frames.) Young jumping spiders emerge from the egg sac looking like miniature versions of their parents. They molt and grow into adulthood. Special Behaviors and Defenses As the common name suggests, a jumping spider can jump quite far, achieving distances more than 50 times its body length. If you examine their legs, however, youll notice that they are not strong or muscular in appearance. Rather than relying on muscle strength to leap, salticids are able to quickly increase the blood pressure in their legs, which causes the legs to extend and propel their bodies through the air. The size and shape of jumping spiders eyes give afford them excellent vision. Salticids use their enhanced sight to their advantage as hunters, employing their high-resolution vision to locate potential prey. Some jumping spiders mimic other insects such as ants. Others are able to camouflage themselves to blend into their surroundings, helping them sneak up on prey. Insects and spiders with heightened visual acuity often engage in elaborate courtship dances to attract mates, and jumping spiders are no exception to this rule. Sources Borror and DeLongs Introduction to the Study of Insects,  7th edition, by Charles A. Triplehorn and Norman F. Johnson.The Insects: An Outline of Entomology, 3rd edition, by  P. J. Gullan and P. S. Cranston.  Family Salticidae - Jumping Spiders, Bugguide.net. Accessed online February 29, 2016.Salticidae, Tree of Life Web Project, Wayne Maddison. Accessed online February 29, 2016.Tales of the Himalaya: Adventures of a Naturalist, by Lawrence W. Swan.

Obtaining An Internship With The State Historic...

Securing an internship with the State Historic Preservation Office, a bureau within the Pennsylvania Historical Museum Commission, is perhaps one of the finest organizations for a graduate student to spend their summer. With a myriad of learning opportunities available, each student is given the ability to cultivate their knowledge through unanticipated avenues, creating a continually stimulating workplace. My experience at the State Historic Preservation Office is significantly advancing my future career due to the guidance and skills I receive, along with the professional relationships I acquire. Gaining insight into the inner workings of government organization’s relationship with the public, applying my newly acquired skills with the CRGIS and GeoMedia systems, strengthening my networking abilities to benefit my future career, and recognizing how varying bureaus work together, strengthens my aptitude as a professional historian. Likewise, working to meet my goals that I set forth in my internship application allows me to tailor my learning experience in order to gain insight into PHMC’s fundamentals, as well as how they help to inform the public, and where a historian can fit into this government agency. Since beginning my internship at the State Historic Preservation Office, my experience and skills have developed exponentially. Attaining proficiency in a professional level government organization has allowed me to appreciate how history works for the publicShow MoreRelatedConsumer Credit12385 Words   |  50 Pagesand another is secondary sources. 2.2 Time period: For the fulfillment of desired purpose following working days are spend to credit department .The time was Aug 02 to Nov 02 at Prime Bank Bangshal branch. 2.3 Data collection method: The internship report has been prepared on the basis of â€Å"on the job† with the Prime Bank Limited Bangshal Branch. In spite of the scarcity of the published data .it has been tried to make the report informative and handy. The data used in the report have beenRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 PagesLibrary and Information Center Management Recent Titles in Library and Information Science Text Series Library and Information Center Management, Sixth Edition Robert D. Stueart and Barbara B. Moran United States Government Information: Policies and Sources Peter Hernon, Harold C. Relyea, Robert E. Dugan, and Joan F. Cheverie Library Information Systems: From Library Automation to Distributed Information Access Solutions Thomas R. Kochtanek and Joseph R. Matthews The Complete Guide to Acquisitions

Hypertension Hypertension And Essential Hypertension Essay

Hypertension is widely considered to be one of the most important risk factors of cardiovascular diseases (angina, arrhythmia, etc.). It is the second leading disease that causes mortality in the world. Hypertension is the condition when there is an increase in the force of blood on the walls of vessels. It can also be defined as an arterial blood pressure that is raised above 140/90 mm Hg (systolic/ diastolic BP). Hypertension can be classified into Secondary hypertension and Essential hypertension. When specific cause is evident but heredity, and various physiological parameters play a role in increasing blood pressure is known as Essential Hypertension. Secondary Hypertension is one where the cause is known. According to WHO guidelines between 2006 and 2015, deaths due to cardiovascular diseases are expected to increase by 17% while the deaths from infectious diseases, nutritional deficiencies, maternal and prenatal conditions are projected to decline by 3%. The main causes of hy pertension includes the age ,hereditary, gender, extra weight, alcohol consumption, stress life, lazy life etc. Basically, arterial blood pressure (BP) is directly proportional to the product of blood flow (cardiac output, CO) and the resistance to passage of blood through pre-capillary arterioles (peripheral vascular resistance, PVR) Hypertension can be caused by either an increase in Cardiac Output (CO) or by an increase in Peripheral Resistance (PR) BP = CO X PVR Renin AngiotensinShow MoreRelatedStudy on Essential Hypertension2685 Words   |  11 PagesPRESENTATION BY: GIZELLE WILKINSON SUBJECT: ESSENTIAL HYPERTENSION STUDENT NUMBER: M00037713 CLINICAL SCIENCES II INTRODUCTION Essential hypertension, otherwise known as primary or idiopathic hypertension, is a condition of raised blood pressure with no identifiable cause. Secondary hypertension occurs when blood pressure elevation results from a specific and potentially treatable cause. 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CholinesterasesEC 3.1.1.7 and 3.1.1.8(ChEs)catalyze the neurotransmitteracetylcholine into choline and acetic acid, allowing a cholinergic neuron to return to resting state after activation. Monoamine oxidase E.C1.4.3.4 (MAO) is responsible for degradation of endogenous monoamine neurotransmitters and dietary amines. Nitric oxide(NO) is a gas produced in endothelial cells andRead MoreTypes Of Hypertension And Secondary Hypertension1434 Words   |  6 Pagesestimated that about 25 percent of people worldwide had hypertension and this number is expected to keep rising further increasing the risk for millions in developing cardiovascular disease. There are two main types of hypertension. Secondary hypertension is caused from an underlying disease in the adrenal or renal systems or by use of certain medications. It is resolved when the cause is treated or removed. Primary or essential hypertension is the most common type with the cause being unclear althoughRead MoreHypertension: Mechanical Blood Pressure1413 Words   |  6 PagesHypertension Hypertension, also known as high blood pressure is starting to become a very common cardio vascular diagnosis. Hypertension is classified as a cardiovascular disease caused by elevated blood pressure (Mosbys, 2006, p. 923). Hypertension is more dominant for individuals that have unhealthy lifestyles and have a family history of hypertension. Hypertension is also dominant in individuals that consume more that 5.8 grams of salt per day (Makoff, 2006). Having high blood pressure may causeRead MoreHypertension: The Silent Killer Essay1390 Words   |  6 Pageswas a 57-year-old male admitted with an acute exacerbation of COPD. The patient also had a history of hypertension, pulmonary embolism, and deep vein thrombosis. The patient is a smoker as well as his family. 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Moral Development and Dilemmas of Huckleberry Finn Essay Example For Students

Moral Development and Dilemmas of Huckleberry Finn Essay The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, is based on a young boys coming of age in Missouri of the mid-1800s. This story depicts many serious issues that occur on the dry land of civilization better known as society. As these somber events following the Civil War are told through the young eyes of Huckleberry Finn, he unknowingly develops morally from both the conforming and non-conforming influences surrounding him on his journey to freedom. Hucks moral evolution begins before he ever sets foot on the raft down the Mississippi. His mother has died, and his father is constantly in a drunken state. Huck grows up following his own rules until he moves in with the Widow Douglas and her sister, Miss Watson. Together, the women attempt to civilize Huck by making him attend school, study religion, and act in a way the women find socially acceptable. However, Hucks free-spirited soul keeps him from joining the constraining and lonely life the two women have in store for him. The freedom Huck seeks in Tom Sawyers gang is nothing more than romantic childs-play. Raiding a caravan of Arabs really means terrorizing young children on a Sunday school picnic, and the stolen joolry is nothing more than turnips or rocks. Huck is disappointed that the adventures Tom promises are not real and so, along with the other members, he resigns from the gang. Still, he ignorantly assumes that Tom is superior to him because of his more suitable family background and fascination with Romantic literature (Twain). Pap and the kidnapping play another big role in Hucks moral development. Pap is completely antisocial and wishes to undo all of the civilizing effects that the Widow and Miss Watson have attempted to instill in him. However, Pap does not symbolize freedom; he promotes drunkenness, prejudice, and abuse. Huck escapes the cabin to search for the freedom he yearns for. It is after he escapes to Jackson Island that he meets the most influential character of the novel, Jim. After conversing, Huck learns things about the runaway slave that he had never been aware of. Jim has a family, dreams, and talents such as knowing all kinds of signs about the future, peoples personalities, and weather forecasting (Twain 69). However, Huck sees Jim as a gullible slave. He plays tricks on him like the rattlesnake event that nearly gets Jim killed. At this point in the novel, Huck still holds the belief that blacks are essentially different from whites. In addition, his conscience reminds him that hes a low-down and dirty abolitionist for helping Jim run away from his owner. Huck does not see that Jim is looking for freedom just as he is (Master Plots). The first adventure Huck and Jim take part in while searching for freedom is the steamboat situation. Huck shows development of character in tricking the watchman into going back to the boat to save the criminals. Even though they are thieves, and plan to murder another man, Huck still feels that the forfeit of their lives would be too great a punishment. Some may see Hucks reaction to the event as crooked but, unlike most of society, Huck Finn sees the good in people and attempts to help them with sincerity and compassion. Getting lost in the fog while floating down the Mississippi River leads to a major turning point in the development of Huck Finns character. Up to this event, he has seen Jim as a lesser person than himself. After trying to deny the fog event to Jim, he says, It was fifteen minutes before I could work myself up to go and humble myself to a slave; but I done it, and I warnt ever sorry for it afterward, neither (Twain 92). He continues by explaining how he could never do such a thing again. Huck has clearly gained respect for Jim here, which explains the risks he is willing to take for Jim later in the book. A short yet significant scene is when the men on shore want to check Hucks raft for runaway slaves. He escapes by tricking them into thinking that his dad is onboard with smallpox. A Belief System- The Crucible EssayHuckleberry Finn was able to rise above the rest of society. As a young boy, he learned many things about the cruel world, and what freedom really means. Huck will never accept civilization and he will always go back to the safety net of the Mississippi River. Though there were times when he made the wrong decision, the reader must realize that growing up is a trial-and-error. Society has come a long way since the Civil War, and it is important to realize that people like the characters, Jim and Huckleberry Finn, have made freedom accessible to all that need a harbor from the dry limits of society soil (Englewood 53). Although Huckleberry Finn seems to get into a lot of trouble, as he is dishonest at many times throughout the novel, his character seems to melt in the readers hand once his fine moral nature begins to unfold. The game Huck plays drifts him into an occasion of rare moral crisis, where he must choose between violating the entire code of social, religious, conventional behavior which the world has taught him, and betraying the person who needs and loves him most and whom he loves most. He writes a letter which tells Miss Watson that her slave, Jim, is in Mr. Phelps possession. After writing the letter he says: I felt good and all washed clean of sin for the first time I had ever so in my life, and I knowed I could pray now. But I didnt do it straight off but laid the paper down and set there thinking how good it was all this happened so, and how near I come to being lost and going to hell. After studying the letter he then said, All right, then, Ill go to hell and tore it up (Twain 216). Another thing that affected Huck and may have contributed to his unhappiness that brought him over the edge to run away was lack of money. Early on Huck and his father sold his fortune to Judge Thatched for a dollar. This lack of money may have put an even bigger strain on the father, causing him drink his sorrows away and act irrationally towards Huck. This brought on the constant beatings that Huck was forced to endure until he gained the courage to fake his death, and leave his pitiful life back at the mouth of the river. Money also played a part concerning those two swindling crooks, the King and Duke. The king and Duke tried to pass themselves off as being distant relatives. Their new identity would put them at hand with a large amount of cash. Ultimately their cover was revealed. Huck is able to escape unscathed, but the King and Duke werent as fortunate as tar and feathers awaited them (Twain 318). Drinking also plays a part in Hucks dilemmas as the story unravels drinking led Hucks father to beat him. Living in an unhappy situation such as this gave Huck reason to start out on his own adventure. Drinking also led to the Dukes easy admittance of hiding the money. In this situation, the drunkenness exhibited by both characters helped to put a hole in their cover up. While they were questioned and served a heavy punishment, it was really Huck who stole the money before all of their eyes (Master Plots). Throughout the novel Huck overcomes numerous obstacles and endures various negative repercussions to attain both emotional and physical freedom. Twains implied lessons were expressed within Huckleberrys moral dilemmas. The novel ends with a frustrated Huck stating; Aunt Sally shes gonna adopt me and civilize me and I cant stand it. I been there before. Although the novel ends leaving the reader with a sense that Huck is truly free, he will forever be followed by his moral dilemmas.